Able Seaman vs. Ordinary Seaman: A Comprehensive Guide to Their Differences - Maritime Training Centers (2024)

If you’re an aspiring seaman based in Tampa, FL, looking to start a rewarding career at sea, understanding the roles of an Able Seaman (AB) and an Ordinary Seaman (OS) is essential. These positions are fundamental to deck operations on any vessel. Knowing the differences between them will help you navigate your path toward a successful maritime career. At Maritime Training Center, we’re here to provide you with the knowledge and training you need to succeed in these roles.

Introduction to Maritime Roles

Standing on the deck of a ship with the horizon stretching out before you is an experience like no other. A career at sea offers adventure and requires a solid understanding of your role on board. Whether you’re just beginning your maritime journey or looking to advance your career, understanding the differences between an Able Seaman (AB) and an Ordinary Seaman (OS) is crucial.

At the Maritime Training Center, we are dedicated to providing top-notch training to help you succeed at sea. In this post, we’ll explore the key differences and career paths for these two vital positions.

Understanding the Role: Ordinary Seaman (OS)

An Ordinary Seaman (OS) is the entry-level position for most seafaring careers. If you’re just starting out, this role will give you a solid foundation in essential maritime tasks. As an OS, you’ll be involved in various fundamental activities that keep the ship running smoothly.

Typical Duties of an Ordinary Seaman:

• Deck Maintenance: Keeping the deck clean and ensuring all equipment is in good working order.
• Cleaning and Painting: Regular cleaning and painting to maintain the ship’s appearance and prevent rust.
• Assisting in Cargo Operations: Helping with loading and unloading cargo, ensuring everything is secure and properly stowed.
• Standing Watch as a Lookout: Keeping an eye out for any obstacles or hazards, especially when the ship is navigating tricky waters.

Requirements to Become an Ordinary Seaman:

• Basic Safety Training (BST): Completing a training program that covers essential safety protocols.
• Minimum Age of 18: You must be at least 18 years old to qualify.
• Valid Transportation Worker Identification Credential (TWIC): Obtaining a TWIC card is necessary for all maritime workers.

Starting as an Ordinary Seaman is a great way to begin your maritime career, providing hands-on experience and valuable skills that will serve you well as you advance.

Understanding the Role of an Able Seaman (AB)

An Able Seaman (AB) is a more experienced deckhand with advanced skills and responsibilities. Moving from Ordinary Seaman (OS) to Able Seaman represents a significant career progression in the maritime industry.

Typical Duties of an Able Seaman:

• Operating Deck Equipment: Proficiently handling winches, cranes, and other machinery.
• Handling Cargo: Ensuring safe and efficient loading and unloading of cargo.
• Steering the Ship and Assisting with Navigation: Taking the helm under the direction of the officer on watch and aiding in navigation tasks.
• Performing Emergency Duties: Responding to emergencies, such as fire fighting, man overboard, and abandoning ship procedures.

Requirements to Become an Able Seaman:

• STCW Certification: Standards of Training, Certification, and Watchkeeping, which includes various safety and operational courses.
• Sea Time Experience: Typically, a minimum of 12 months of sea service as an Ordinary Seaman.
• Additional Specialized Training: Further courses and training tailored to advanced maritime skills and safety procedures.

Distinguishing Roles: Key Differences in Responsibilities

Training and Experience

• Ordinary Seaman (OS): An OS needs to complete basic training with minimal sea time. This role is perfect for those just starting in the maritime industry, as it provides a solid foundation in seamanship without requiring extensive prior experience.
• Able Seaman (AB): In contrast, an AB must undergo more advanced training and have significant sea time. This position is suited for individuals who have already spent a considerable amount of time on the water and are prepared to take on greater responsibilities.

Duties and Tasks

• Ordinary Seaman (OS): As an OS, you’ll perform essential tasks under supervision. These include routine maintenance, cleaning, and general assistance on deck. Your role is crucial in ensuring the ship operates smoothly, but you’ll be closely guided by more experienced crew members.
• Able Seaman (AB): An AB handles more complex tasks independently. These tasks include assisting with navigation, operating deck equipment, and performing emergency procedures. The ability to work independently and take on more challenging duties sets an AB apart from an OS.

Skill Level

• Ordinary Seaman (OS): The OS role is designed to help you develop foundational seamanship skills. It’s a great starting point for beginners, allowing you to build your knowledge and confidence in basic maritime operations.
• Able Seaman (AB): As an AB, you’ll have advanced seamanship skills. This includes specialized knowledge in areas such as safety, operations, and navigation. The role of an AB requires a higher level of expertise and a deeper understanding of maritime practices.

Navigating Your Maritime Career Path

Starting as an Ordinary Seaman

Beginning your maritime journey as an Ordinary Seaman (OS) provides essential experience and skills. Here’s a typical career path to get you started:

• Basic Safety Training (BST): Complete BST to meet the safety requirements for working at sea. This training covers firefighting, first aid, and personal survival techniques.
• Gain Sea Time: Accumulate at least 6 months of sea time while performing various duties on board. This experience is crucial for building your skills and understanding of ship operations.
• Further Training: Enroll in courses such as lifeboat training and survival craft handling. These courses enhance your capabilities and prepare you for more advanced roles.

Advancing to an Able Seaman

To advance to an Able Seaman (AB), you’ll need to meet specific criteria:

• Sea Time: Gain at least 12 months of sea service as an OS. This experience is necessary to qualify for the AB position.
• Certifications: Obtain the necessary certifications, such as the Standards of Training, Certification, and Watchkeeping (STCW) and Rating Forming Part of a Navigational Watch (RFPNW). These certifications demonstrate your advanced skills and knowledge.
• Career Opportunities: With experience and certifications, consider advancing further to positions like Bosun or even Officer roles. These positions offer increased responsibilities and opportunities for leadership on board.

Certifications and Training Requirements

Training for Ordinary Seaman (OS)

To start your maritime career as an Ordinary Seaman, you’ll need to complete some essential certifications and training programs. Here’s what you need:

• Basic Safety Training (BST): This foundational training covers firefighting, first aid, and personal survival techniques. It’s designed to prepare you for the basic safety requirements at sea and is mandatory for all seafarers.
• Transportation Worker Identification Credential (TWIC): This is a required identification credential for maritime workers. It ensures that you are eligible to work in secure areas of vessels and maritime facilities.

Training for Able Seaman (AB)

Advancing to the role of an Able Seaman involves more specialized training and certifications. Here are the key requirements:

• Advanced Certifications: To become an AB, you’ll need to complete advanced courses such as the Able Seafarer Deck certification and the Rating Forming Part of a Navigational Watch (RFPNW). These courses equip you with the skills needed for more complex tasks on board.
• Additional Training: This includes comprehensive courses in shipboard safety and survival craft handling. You will also need to gain proficiency in survival craft and rescue boats, ensuring you are prepared for emergency situations and can perform your duties effectively.

Charting Your Course in Tampa’s Maritime Industry

Choosing between becoming an Ordinary Seaman or an Able Seaman is a crucial step in your maritime career journey. Starting as an OS provides foundational experience and essential skills while advancing to an AB opens the door to more complex responsibilities and better opportunities. Understanding these roles, their training requirements, and career paths can help you make an informed decision.

At Maritime Training Center, we are dedicated to helping aspiring seamen in Tampa, FL, achieve their career goals. Whether you’re just starting or looking to advance, our comprehensive training programs are designed to equip you with the knowledge and skills needed to succeed.

Contact us today at 813.686.5767 to learn more about our training programs and how we can help you achieve your seafaring dreams. Let us be your guide as you navigate the exciting and rewarding world of maritime careers.